Whether a mature society needs economic growth is a complex question with no easy answer. There are a number of factors to consider, including the following:
The definition of "economic growth." Economic growth is typically measured by an increase in gross domestic product (GDP), which is the total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a given period of time. However, there are other ways to measure economic growth, such as by looking at increases in productivity, living standards, or human well-being.
The level of economic development. Countries that are already highly developed may have less need for economic growth than countries that are still developing. This is because highly developed countries already have a high standard of living and a strong social safety net.
The distribution of economic benefits. Even in highly developed countries, economic growth can lead to inequality if the benefits of growth are not shared evenly. This can lead to social unrest and political instability.
The environmental impact of economic growth. Economic growth is often associated with increased consumption of resources and pollution. This can have a negative impact on the environment and human health.
In light of these factors, it is difficult to say definitively whether a mature society needs economic growth. However, there are a number of ways to promote more sustainable and inclusive economic growth, such as by investing in renewable energy, education, and infrastructure. Some people argue that a mature society can achieve well-being without economic growth. They point to countries like Sweden and Norway, which have high standards of living and low levels of inequality. These countries have been able to achieve this without relying on rapid economic growth. Others argue that economic growth is still necessary for a mature society. They point out that economic growth can lead to higher wages, more jobs, and better public services. They also argue that economic growth is necessary to fund innovation and to address challenges such as climate change and an aging population. Ultimately, the question of whether a mature society needs economic growth is a matter of values and priorities. Some people may believe that well-being is more important than economic growth, while others may believe that economic growth is necessary to achieve well-being.